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Method to Construct CDS-2014 Child Weights
We next describe the steps of the process for constructing the CDS-2014 weights. Step 1. Selection Probabilities for CDS-2014
For all eligible CDS-2014 child cases (n=5,816), a base probability of selection weight was established using the household weight from the 2013 Core PSID.

Step 2. Non-Response Adjustment

A non-response adjustment factor for the weight was obtained from a logistic regression model of the response outcome. All eligible CDS-2014 child cases were included in the model. Data from the 2013 Core PSID were used as covariates in the model predicting an indicator of non- response, y, with y=0 if the case was non-response and y=1 if the case was coded as complete. The estimated coefficients and standard errors for the logistic regression model are reported in Table 5.3.

The results indicate that the probability of response in CDS-2014 was higher among African Americans and whites, in households headed by women, and in households with fewer children; the probability of response was lower in households with missing information about the head’s education and in households outside the U.S. Although a number of variables in the response propensity model that are not statistically significant predictors of CDS-2014 response (e.g., household income, metro status, and Census region), these non-significant variables were retained in the model used to derive estimates of the propensity of response. Overall, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test of goodness of fit test (X2=11.47, 8 df, p=0.18) suggests that the response model provides an acceptable fit.

Based on the estimated logistic regression model, predicted probabilities of response were computed for each CDS sample case and grouped into deciles. These decile groups served as the classes within which a uniform non-response weighting adjustment was applied.13 Each respondent case was assigned a non-response adjustment factor equal to the inverse of the median predicted probability of successful CDS 2014-interview within its decile weighting class. The median response propensity and adjustment factor for each decile of the predicted probability response in CDS-2014 are shown in Table 5.4.

The probability of selection weight for each CDS-2014 observation was then multiplied by the non-response adjustment factor to produce an interim weight that adjusts for probability of selection and CDS-2014 nonresponse.

Step 3. Non-U.S. Cases

There were 30 eligible cases in CDS-2014 that resided outside the U.S. during the fieldwork period. Although interviews were attempted for all of these cases and completed among some of them, these cases are not included in the post-stratification because the control total for the post-stratification process are based on the U.S. resident population. At this step, for the non-U.S. CDS-2014 cases, the Main Child Weight is designated to be complete.

Step 4. Post-Stratification to Population Control Totals

We next post-stratified the CDS-2014 interim weights from Step 2 to population control totals

calculated using data from the 2013 American Community Survey. Strata were formed based on the following respondent characteristics:

• Child sex (male/female)
• Birth year of child (1997–2013)
• Child race/ethnicity (Hispanic, non-Hispanic black, non-Hispanic white or other)
• Census region (Northeast, Midwest, South, West)

Strata defined by the full four-way cross-classification of these categorical variables were collapsed as needed to ensure a minimum count of approximately 15–20 individuals in each cell. Table 5.5 shows the CDS sample count and CDS weighted estimates, the ACS population estimates, and the post-stratification adjustment factors for each of the 105 cells defined by birth year, sex, race/ethnicity, and region. Note that CDS-2014 excluded some children born in early 1997 (who were selected to participate in the original CDS) and some children born in late 2013 (after the 2013 Core PSID interview was completed). The ACS control totals shown in Table
4.5 and used in the post-stratification weighting have been constructed to exclude children born outside the CDS-2014 eligibility window in 1997 and 2013.

The initial post-stratification adjustment factors were computed as the ratio of the ACS control totals to the CDS-2014 weighted population estimate count (using the interim weight from Step 2). The initial post-stratification adjustment factors were then applied to the interim weight to produce an initial post-stratified weight.

Step 5. Trimming of Weights

The distribution of the interim, post-stratified weights was examined and a decision was made to trim extreme values at each end of the distribution. The reason for trimming the weights is to reduce the influence of extreme weight values on the variances of sample estimates of population statistics. Trimming the weight distribution also provides some protection against arbitrary combinations of extreme weights and large or unique values of substantive variables that could exert high leverage on multivariate analyses such as regression modeling. The trimming rule applied to the CDS-2014 Main Child Weight assigned the cases with the weight values in the top two percent and in the bottom two percent of the weight distribution to the 98th and 2nd percentile values of the weight distribution, respectively.

Step 6. Post-Stratification after Trimming of Weights

After trimming the weights, the post-stratification procedure (Step 4) was repeated so that the final trimmed weights again matched the desired ACS population control totals.

Step 7. Combining the U.S. and Non-U.S. Cases

The final step in creating the Main Child Weight is to combine the weights from Step 6 for cases in the U.S with the weights from Step 3 for the non-U.S. cases.

Step 8. Produce the CDS-2014 In-Home Child Weight

Half of the CDS-2014 families were randomly selected to receive an in-home visit. The selection process was probability-based, but all cases did not have an equal chance of selection for the in-home survey administration. To account for the subsampling of CDS families for in- home interview administration, the CDS-2014 Child In-Home Weight includes an additional sample selection adjustment to the Main Child Weight. These adjusted weights were then post- stratified to the ACS population control totals using a process identical to that described in Steps 4–6 above, except that due the smaller sample size for the in-home interviews a further collapsing of strata was necessary. Census region was dropped entirely from the post- stratification scheme and wider birth-year cells were used. The revised post-stratification scheme is shown in Table 5.6.

Method to Construct CDS-2014 Child Weights - Revision history

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